Season the chicken: Pat the chicken dry.
Toss with 1 tablespoon olive oil, salt, pepper, cumin, chili powder, smoked paprika, and cayenne if using. Coat well so every piece gets flavor.
Sear the chicken: Heat a large skillet or sauté pan over medium-high heat. Add the seasoned chicken in a single layer.
Let it brown for 2–3 minutes per side until lightly seared. Remove to a plate; it will finish cooking later.
Sauté the veggies: Add the remaining 1 tablespoon olive oil to the same pan. Add onion, bell pepper, and poblano.
Cook 4–5 minutes, stirring occasionally, until softened and a little charred in spots. Stir in the garlic for 30 seconds.
Build the base: Add corn, black beans, and diced tomatoes with their juices. Pour in the chicken broth.
Scrape the bottom of the pan to release browned bits—they add major flavor.
Return the chicken: Nestle the seared chicken and any juices back into the pan. Reduce heat to medium, cover, and simmer 8–10 minutes, or until the chicken is cooked through and the flavors have married.
Finish with lime: Uncover and squeeze in the lime juice. Taste and adjust salt, pepper, or heat.
If using cheese, sprinkle it over the top, cover for 1–2 minutes, and let it melt.
Garnish and serve: Top with chopped cilantro if you like. Serve as-is, or spoon over rice, quinoa, or warm tortillas. Add extra lime wedges on the side.