Preheat and prep: Heat the oven to 375°F (190°C). Lightly grease a 9x13-inch baking dish.
Season the chicken: Pat the chicken dry and toss with salt, pepper, Italian seasoning, and smoked paprika.
This builds flavor from the start.
Sear the chicken: In a large skillet over medium-high heat, warm the oil. Add the chicken in a single layer and cook 3 to 4 minutes per side until lightly browned. It doesn’t need to be fully cooked through yet.
Transfer to a plate.
Soften aromatics: In the same skillet, reduce heat to medium. Add onion and a pinch of salt. Cook 3 to 4 minutes until translucent.
Stir in garlic and cook 30 seconds until fragrant.
Build the creamy sauce: Add cream cheese and sour cream to the skillet, stirring as they melt. Pour in chicken broth and whisk until smooth. If you prefer a thicker sauce, sprinkle in the flour and whisk for 1 minute.
Season to taste and add the lemon zest if using.
Add the spinach: Stir in the spinach a handful at a time, letting it wilt into the sauce. If using frozen spinach, make sure it’s squeezed very dry before adding.
Combine with chicken: Return the seared chicken and any juices to the skillet. Stir to coat everything evenly in the creamy spinach sauce.
Assemble the casserole: Spread the mixture into the prepared baking dish.
Top with shredded cheese and sprinkle the Parmesan evenly over the top.
Bake: Bake 18 to 22 minutes, until the cheese is melted and bubbling and the chicken is cooked through. If you want a golden top, broil for 1 to 2 minutes at the end, watching closely.
Rest and serve: Let the casserole rest 5 to 10 minutes so it sets slightly. Serve over rice, pasta, mashed potatoes, or with crusty bread.